indonesian civil engineering

Jumat, 11 Desember 2015

Wood preservation method of building materials

A wooden construction firm needs to be calculated carefully in perencanaanya order to know the dimensions of solid wood as well as economic, structural solid wood is not necessarily last long if it is not done the preservation of wood before being installed and during treatment, it certainly can lead to spending double charge for a buildings, following some wood preservation method that might be done.Wood preservation method is:

Wood preservation by way smear and spraying

The simplest preservation method and produce preservation unfavorable because van preservatives which enter and dwell in wood preservatives only slightly and the van easily fade. The advantage hÃ¡dala: tools that are simple, easy to use and inexpensive. It is recommended only used temporarily, not wood destroying malignant attack and for the preservation of wood that have been installed. Examples give a coat of paint on wood, whitewash wood with tar, etc.Wood preservation by Immersion MethodImmersed in a tub timber preservative solution has a concentration determined for several days. Wood must be submerged all.There are three ways to preserve the marinade, namely: cold baths, hot baths and hot-cold baths.Preservative used in the form of salt.The advantage: van preservative penetration and retention of more wood in large quantities can be cured together, the solution can be used repeatedly.The keruguian preservation of wood by means of immersion is: a long time especially cold baths, equipment susceptible to corrosion, the process of soaking the wood can be burned hot and wet wood is difficult preserved in this way.Wood preservation by way Pressure and vacuum (modern way)The advantage: a preservative penetration and retention of high, time is short and can be wet or dry wood preserving.The disadvantages are: costly, need high accuracy and is used only for commercial companies.According to the way it works, the process is divided into: full-cell process, where the process is preservative fills the entire cell lumen kayu.Â full cell method there are 2 ways bethel method and Bernett. Empty cell process, namely preservatives only fill the space between the wood cells. There are two ways Rueping way, using the initial pressure of 4 atmosphere was raised to 8 atm. The second way is how Lawry using initial pressure 7 atm.
Sequence of how the process empty cells: Wood put into a sealed tank. Direct pressurized into the tank atmosphere Â Â ± 4 ± 10 â € "20 minutes. Preservatives put into the tank to the brim. Improved to 7-8 atmosphere pressure for 2 hours. Pressure is stopped, preservatives issued last vacuum Forum Â ± 60 cm / Hg Â ± 10 minutes to clean the surface of the wood preservative.
that's roughly how the preservation of wood as a building material, if there are other tricks and tips can be entered below. :-).

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Analysis of price and ceiling work material

Analysis of unit price ceiling is calculated in units m2, while the ceiling is calculated in units lis m1.

Examples of calculation of the volume of work ceiling
a bedroom measuring 3 mx 3 m will be installed ceiling motif multiplex measuring 120 x 120 cm, what is the number of multiplex, lis ceiling and ceiling frame that must be purchased or reserved?

to analyze the employment ceiling price for the room, we first calculate the area of the room is:

L = 3 m × 3 m = 9 m2

our next multiplex analysis needs to be provided.

calculate the multiplex needs a ceiling material
1 sheet multiplex on the market measuring 1.2 mx 2.4 m. whereas we would wear a size of 1.2 m x 1.2 m. 1 multriplek intact means will we cut it into two parts.
room width = 9 m2
spacious 1 motif multriplek size of 1.2 mx 1.2 m = 1.44 m2
hence the need multriplek = 9 m2: 1.44 m2 = 6.25 fruit size of 1.2 mx 1.2 m
murtiplek means the amount to be purchased (the size of 1.2 mx 2.4 m) is a = 6.25: 2 = 3.125 rounded pieces of fruit 3.5
when the ceiling workmanship possible risk of damage, disability or the remaining unused deduction limit, so as we add security numbers 1 sheet in the purchase of 3.5 + 1 = 4.5 sheet. and if not allowed to buy multriplek half sheet then we bought a number of 4 sheets multriplek.
Calculating the need for timber frame ceilingwood frame required amount can be analyzed as follows
room size 3m x 3m then the wood frame is attached to the walls along the x4 3m bh = 12 m1
1 motif size limit is 1.2 mx 1.2 m, then the need for timber frame ceiling is 3 x 4 pcs = 12 m1
wood frame hanger 5 pcs x 1 m = 5m
then the total number of timber frame ceiling requirement is 12 m + 2 m + 12 m = 36 m1
calculate needs ceiling trim
lis ceiling we put on the meeting between the edge of the ceiling to the walls, the ceiling trim required is equal to 3 x 4 pcs = 12 m1
calculate needs paint ceiling
if we add the finishing paint a ceiling, the ceiling paint needs to calculate the area of the room that we need a 3 mx 3 m = 9 m2 ceiling paint job.
for the needs of power and auxiliary materials such as nails, threads etc. can be adjusted in the field, and later can memperkiakan needs auxiliary materials such as reference for subsequent ceiling work.
after we know the total volume of labor, materials or materials course, we've estimated that a fee that will be needed by multiplying the volume of the material at the market price.

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Kamis, 10 Desember 2015

The easy way to calculate the RAB home

There are many methods that can be used to estimate the cost to realize a building, among the methods is certainly no easiest at once quickly, before we had known system of price analysis stuan building commonly referred to as the AHS yet to calculate it must be made in detail to every detail each job that takes time and if thought were not the least, there are also only use the unit price alone so just multiply the volume with the price of work, but all of these measures was not yet looked easy and practical to use by the general public who are not steeped specifically teknk about the science of civil architecture, especially the budget plan of the building, Well .. Here we will try to explain how to easily calculate the house is by a system RAB m2 of building area.                                          The formula to calculate RAB easily

                                   RAB home = area x price per m2 house building

Examples like this: we will build a house the size of 6m x 6m, then we'll find information about what the price per m2 of buildings in the area, for example, we get Rp.2.500.000 house price data, - / m2 of the total costs required to build the house until finished are:

     a). Building area = 6m2 x 6m2 = 36m2.
     b). RAB home = 36m2 x Rp.2.500.000, - = Rp.90.000.000, - (ninety million).

Easy is not it? in essence we need two important data that is spacious house and the price per m2 of the building. This method certainly has its advantages and disadvantages, so let's try it says here.
Advantages

     1). The data required is not too much, so that it can be easier and faster to compute.
     2). Can be used by the general public who do not know the science of building a budget plan in depth.
Deficiency

     1) The rate is still far below the ketelitianya unit price analysis system.
     2) .There can be used as a benchmark to calculate the material and energy needs of the building.
     3) .There can be used as the basis of employment contract construction projects.

Thus the explanation of an easy way to calculate the cost of building a house is, how others can use the software RAB so just enter the data and then saw the house RAB estimates, if you have anything to add knowledge about this please write below, may be useful :-)

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The structure of full precast concrete slab

The structure of full precast concrete floor plate is a plate-making system by using one hundred percent precast, concrete in print first and then mounted on project location. precast concrete production process can be done in the project area or at a separate location taking into account the terms of delivery. This could be one way to speed up the implementation of development, after we discuss about half slab plate method, the method bondek plate and conventional systems. In terms of cost is also cheaper as long as the production is made saving or buying from suppliers who do not offer a concrete high price :-), ok we just started to discuss concrete floor plate is 100% precast :-)Pictures full precast concrete slab

Disadvantages method of full precast concrete slab

1). Workmanship depends on heavy equipment, need to be taken into account if the precast concrete is still safe when lifted with heavy equipment (eg tower cranes or crane car).

2). If the project site located in urban areas, and precast concrete is produced in a separate area so there is the possibility of the delivery process can only be done at night or certain hours, but not necessarily when the material comes can be directly installed, these conditions require the setting stock temporary storage.
Excess method full precast concrete slab
1). Faster processing time because it can be manufactured early and stay stringing at the project site. 2). Cost-effective formwork floor plate. reduce the use of wood, plywood, scaffold scaffolding etc that should be available when using conventional methods.
3). Results neater job because there is no wishy due plywood formwork joint meeting.
4). Because it does not use wood, it has run a green building program in order to preserve the earth.
sequence workmanship

a). Manufacture shop drawing floor plate.
b). Production of precast concrete plate.
c). Installation of the column formwork, formwork cast columns and unloading.
d). Installation and pembesian beam formwork, scaffolding installation of the floor plate.
e). Installation of precast concrete slab above the beam.
f). Cast beams and the beams above the floor plate.

Similarly, the full picture of the precast method on this floor plate, may reference a very simple this can be useful for colleagues all :-)............

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How to use concrete glue Calbond

This time we will elaborate on how the use of glue Calbond concrete, the building material is actually more appropriately be regarded as the glue of concrete but people often refer to it as calbond, whereas calbond it is a brand. Calbond very important to connect concrete pengecoranya can not be completed all at once so that the meeting between the old concrete and new concrete cracks swamps occur. This material can be applied on concrete, brick, plaster / mortar, brick etc. Well .. following method of using concrete glue :-).Glue application concrete way for several functions

As a concrete adhesive to unite the old and new cast.

     1). Clean the surface of the old cast concrete that will spread with glue, flush with water.
     2). Prepare a mixture of concrete glue with a ratio of 1 Calbond: 1Air: 3Semen.
     3). Apply Calbond on concrete surfaces thoroughly, can use a brush or other media.
     4). We wait for approximately three minutes until sticky when we touch.
     5). We did casting new concrete
How to calculate the need for splicing of concrete that Calbond

     a). Flat average 0,9kg Calbond can be used to the extent of approximately 8-10 m2.
     b). For example we will connect the concrete area of 100 m2, the need for concrete glue is 10m2 x 0,9kg = 9kg.
As additives to increase the tensile and torsional strength concrete structures.

    1). We make Calbond and cement mix, comparison every 50kg of cement mixed with 10-20 liters, mix,
    2). Calbond + mixed liquid cement into the concrete.
As a surface patch of concrete hollow or porous.

     1). Clean the concrete surface to be patched or repaired, make sure the surface until moist.
     2). We make the glue mix concrete: 1kg of silica sand (fine): 1kg cement: water 0,8liter: 0,4kgcalbond.
     3). Perform surface treatment by flushing water or remember him for three days.
There are many other brands besides calbond concrete glue, to choose which is the best and cheapest. needs to be tested also all kinds of other alternatives that could function better, because in the world of building materials there will always be new material innovations that diarasa more sophisticated and good, so if a correction or additional information about a concrete glue can be informed herein, may be useful :-)

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Calculation of material requirements to make no floor size 6m x 13m

Hello fellow ilmusipil, this time someone asked about the calculation of material requirements to make no reinforced concrete floor size 6m x 13 m, the question is posed by Bp. Ilham Berto will we answer together, may be a bit of enlightenment, as well as an example for other colleagues who happen to have the same problem, ok this is a question the answer :-)

Question = "Punten skipper .... I want ngedak upstairs, size 6m x 13m, approximately takes how many bags of cement? how m3 of sand? How m3 of gravel? how ideal and powerful composition between 3 to the material?
where cheaper between ngecor themselves by purchasing so of adimix for example?
thank you..."Answer = previously been we make an example of how to calculate the needs DAK concrete floor per m2, so that we can apply the description of the calculation to calculate the total requirement DAK concrete floor size 6m x 13m, but note that in the work of DAK is also a structural beam, so we will count also with the other formula.DAK picture concrete floor 6m x 13m

Floor plate concrete structure

12 cm thick slab, reinforcement D10-2OO means dimater 10mm post spacing of 20cm, the following calculation of material requirements

    a). Concrete = 6m x 13m x 0,12m = 9,36m3.
    b). mix cement: sand: gravel = 1pc: 2ps: 3kr
     c) .Semen = (1/6 x 9,36m3) / 0,024 = 65 sacks (if one 50kg sack of cement containing no 0,024m3)
     d). Sand = 2/6 x 9,36m3 = 3,12 m3
     e). gravel = 3/6 x 9,36m3 = 4,68m3
     f). Iron D10 = ((6m / 0.2) * 13m * 2BH) + ((13m / 0.2) * 6m * 2BH) = 1560m, 1 iron bar = 12m, so the total requirement of iron = 1560m / 12m = 130 rods.
Structural beams for concrete

Beam size of 15cm x 30cm, the principal reinforcement 6D10, meaning that 6 pieces of 10mm diameter iron, and iron begel D8-200 means iron 8mm diameter 20cm distance pairs

     a). Total length of the beam = (6BH x 6m) + (3BH x 13m) = 75m
     b). Concrete = 0,15m x 0,30m x 75m = 2,7m3
     c). Cement = (1/6 x 2,7m3) / 0,024 = 19 sacks (if one 50kg sack of cement containing no 0,024m3)
    d). Sand = 2/6 x 2,7m3 = 0.9 m3
    e). gravel = 3/6 x 2,7m3 = 1,35m3
     f). steel reinforcement staple D 10 = 6BH x 75m = 450m, iron needs D10 = 450m / 12m = 38 stalk
     g). begel iron D8, length 1 begel = 0.1 + 0.1 + 0.25 + 0.25 + 0.05 + 0.05 = 0.8 m,
     h). number begel = 75m / 0.2 m = 375, the total length of iron begel = 0.8 m x 375 bh = 300m, needs begel = 300m / 12m = 25 stalk
So the total material requirements for DAK concrete floor 6m x 13m

     a). Zak cement = 65 + 19 = 84 zak zak
     b). Sand = 3.12 m3 + 0.9 m3 = 4.02 m3
     c). Gravel = 4.68 +1.35 m3 m3 = 6,03 m3
     d). Iron stalk D10 = 130 + 38 = 168 stalk stalk
     e). Iron D8 = 0 + 25 stalk stalk stalk = 25

Thus the simple answer is, subsequently to be clearer then we make a separate article about the comparison which is cheaper costs among themselves by using a concrete stirring instant as Adhimix, if there is a correction or additional answers can be discussed here, may be useful :-)

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Function waterstop in concrete connections

In the execution of construction works of reinforced concrete, especially the joint areas often we temuai the installation of a water stop, its existence including important though classified as a job that does not look so sometimes forgotten or deliberately forgotten for not installed, until eventually timbulah problem of leakage or seepage of water in the concrete, especially in parts which are associated with water such as underground basement floor area, STP, elevator core, retaining wall, and the like. to determine the function of a water stop on the concrete connection we can see from its name, namely Water Stop comes from the English word water and water = stop = stop, so the word could mean a water stop water discharge.Photo waterstop installation on cast concrete connection.

In the photo above looks red line that is being installed by workers is a water stop on the type of dodol mounted on the dismissal of the old cast concrete to be joined by new cast concrete.So the water stop function is to hold the water nets which derive from the side, top or other direction in order not seep into the concrete, there is a water stop dodol or liquid form. Although its function is very important does not mean freedom to install in large quantities in the hope that the less likely the water will leak, because it's going to happen actually causes the concrete can not be connected perfectly so that the problem arises crack / crack and even break, if you have this then the water became more to flow freely.

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indonesian civil engineering

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Wood preservation method of building materials

Analysis of price and ceiling work material

The easy way to calculate the RAB home

The structure of full precast concrete slab

How to use concrete glue Calbond

Calculation of material requirements to make no floor size 6m x 13m

Function waterstop in concrete connections